Tooth extraction (tooth removal, exodontia) is one of the commonest procedures in oral surgery worldwide and may be one of the simplest procedures, as well as one of the most challenging technically. To perform it, skills in using special tools (forceps, elevators) and extraction techniques with the application of external force are necessary. Tooth extraction is associated with a disturbance of the integrity of the mucous membrane covering the dentoalveolar segment accompanied by trauma to the periosteum, periodontal tissues, and the bony tissue of the alveola. Thus, this manipulation has profound effects on oral health status, often requiring restorative procedures to replace the missing tooth. It has also a psychological impact on the patient, both because the patient will be losing a tooth or several teeth, and the associations the patient will have with such an intervention. Extraction of teeth incorporates basic principles from physics, mechanics, and surgery, and the clinician should fully understand and master the techniques of extraction. A correct approach to extraction and its performance should lead to a tooth being gently lifted out of its socket without excessive trauma to surrounding hard and soft tissues with reducing the risk of complications. In some cases, however, a simple extraction is not possible, and such intervention as surgical extraction must be carried out.