A significant extent of diseases and injuries of the nervous system, complexity, and persistence of the functional disturbances accompanied by a substantial and often persistent loss of working capability brings forth the problem of rehabilitation at neurologic clinics (neuro-rehabilitation) into a line of the most important medico-social problems of health care.
7.1. SANOGENETIC MECHANISMS ON NERVOUS SYSTEM
PATHOLOGY
Deep understanding of the sanogenetic mechanisms on the pathology of the nervous system is a key success factor for rehabilitation events since the essence of sanogenetic mechanisms is manifested by their orientation at habituation (adaptation) to the ambient environment at a qualitatively different level in view of a pathological process existing (or that used to exist) in the organism.
Among the sanogenetic mechanisms which, in close interrelation and interdependence, ensure an adaptive effect, and on a pathology - ensure restoration of disturbed functions, personal and social status of patients, one should mention restitution, regeneration, compensation, and immunity.
7.1.1. Restitution
Restitution - a process of restoration of the activity of reversibly the damaged structures. On a pathology, restitution changes occur in nerve cells, nerve fibers, and the structural elements of neurodystrophically modified organs and tissues. Restitution mechanisms are implemented owing to the restoration of permeability and excitability of membranes, normalization of the intracellu-lar oxidation-reduction processes, and activation of the enzymatic systems,
wherefore the bioenergetic and protein-synthesizing activity of cellular structures is normalized, and the conductivity along the nerve fibers and synapses is restored.