TEST LESSON: DRUGS ACTING ON EFFERENT INNERVATION
1. TOPICS TO DISCUSS
1. Schematic diagram of efferent innervation: sites of action of cholinomimetics, anticholinester-ases, cholinoblockers, adrenomimetics, adreno-blockers and adrenergic neuron-blocking drugs.
2. Subtypes and main localizations of M-cholino-ceptors in organs and tissues. Effects of stimulation of these receptors. Regulation of gastric acid secretion. Transduction pathways in car-diomyocytes and smooth muscle cells.
3. Classification of drugs stimulating cholinergic neurotransmission.
4. Pharmacological effects of M-cholinomimet-ics and M,N-cholinomimetics (action on pupil size, intraocular pressure, accommodation, exocrine secretion, heart rate, vascular tone, arterial blood pressure, bronchial tone, intestinal motility, tone of the urinary bladder).
5. Pilocarpine: mechanisms of action on intraocular pressure and accommodation, main therapeutic uses, adverse effects.
6. Bethanechol: pharmacological effects, mechanism of action, therapeutic uses, adverse effects.
7. Action of acetylcholine and M-cholinomimetics (bethanechol) on arterial blood pressure and its mechanism. The change of this effect of ace-tylcholine and bethanechol in the presence of atropine. The difference between these drugs.
8. Classification of anticholinesterases.
9. Pharmacological effects of anticholinesterases (action on pupil size, intraocular pressure, accommodation, exocrine secretion, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, bronchial tone, intestinal motility, tone of the urinary bladder, neuro-muscular transmission).
10. Therapeutic uses and adverse effects of an-ticholinesterases. Characteristics of neostig-mine, edrophonium, physostigmine, galan-thamine, rivastigmine. The main differences between these drugs. Irreversible anticholin-