Dear Colleagues!
Normal physiology as a science of the functions of a healthy human body and their regulation is the basis of medical practice. Consistent understanding of its principles is important for both medical students and medical practitioners. This book is intended for students of medical universities who study physiology. It can be used either as a textbook or as the main source in integrated or problematic curricula for studying medicine, creating the basis for mastering pharmacology and pathophysiology.
This publication includes the following features designed to facilitate the study of physiology. The text is easy to read. Clear headings guide the students toward a hierarchy of material presentation. Complex physiological information is presented systematically, logically and in stages. When a process occurs in a specific sequence, the steps are numbered in the text. Tables and illustrations are used in accordance with the text. At the end of each chapter, the authors suggest that readers answer control questions and solve clinical situational problems that make it possible to understand the significance of the studied material for clinical practice.
When writing this tutorial, we set ourselves three tasks:
The first task is to state the basic concepts of physiology. This science is rapidly evolving today: the flow of new information is growing like an avalanche, concerning mainly the molecular mechanisms of physiological functions. In an attempt to cover all this information, new and increasingly detailed textbooks and manuals on physiology are constantly being reprinted and published. However, this modern, interesting and important information is transformed into isolated elements of knowledge. As a result, no coherence of processes occurring in the body is obtained, and the understanding of physiology is reduced to a sum of mechanical knowledge. In this textbook we set ourselves the goal to present not only individual facts, but also unified, integral concepts of physiology. At the same time, we had