Goal: to get a notion about ways of medications administration, disinfection, sterilization and methods of presterilizing cleaning of medical products; to master skills.
Knowledge objectives:
► to know about enteral and parenteral ways of administration, technique of subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections and intravenous infusions, sterilization, modes of sterilization of separate objects, presterilization cleaning of medical objects; rules of taking and storage of medical objects, measures of prevention of occupational diseases for nurses working with internal fluids.
Skill objectives:
► to develop skills of the distribution of medicines and the application of topical medical agents; to master the technique of subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections and intravenous infusions.
Equipment required: tables, ointments, drops, powders, tablets, suppositories, capsules, injection solutions in ampules and bottles, syringes of various volume, systems for intravenous infusions, droppers, cotton wool, glass sticks, metal probes, cotton balls, Esmarch mug and phantom.
Medications are used in the treatment of most diseases nowadays. The knowledge of various ways of application of medications is necessary for future doctors for the following reasons:
1. A doctor should choose a proper way of giving medications to provide its best assimilability with an organism and achieve expected effect.
2. Wrong introduction can result in severe complications with a risk of a patient's life.
3. A doctor should be able to select a way of administration of a medicine, depending on patient's condition, to avoid additional sufferings.
EXTERNAL MEDICATIONS APPLICATION
Medication is put on the skin in the form of ointments, emulsions, solutions, tinctures, and powders. Application is meant basically for the local action of preparations. Through the intact skin, only fat-soluble substances are absorbed, basically through excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles.