Goal: to get a notion about the fundamentals of human physiology of the digestive organs, the main symptoms of digestive diseases and pathogenesis of their origin; to master practical skills.
Knowledge objective:
► to know the rules of patient?s preparation for the X-ray and endoscopic examination of the stomach and the intestine;
► to be able to render the first premedical aid in vomiting. Skill objectives:
► to master the skills in vomitory masses collection for laboratory examination, in gastric lavage, gastric juice fractional examination, duodenal intubation perfomance.
Subject-matter:
1) anatomical and physiological characteristic features of the gastrointestinal tract;
2) the main symptoms of digestive organs diseases;
3) medical care in vomiting, gastric lavage technique, patient?s preparation for the gastric and small intestine X-ray examination, gastric fractional intubation and duodenal intubation.
Equipment required: an Essmarch?s irrigator, a rubber tube (length 1.5 m, diameter - 1 cm), a tube-tip made of thick-walled rubber, ebonite or plastic with a rounded intestinal end no less than 15 cm in length, a thermometer for the liquid temperature taking, 50-250 ml syringe, a Zane?s syringe, thick and thin gastric tubes, a duodenal tube, an oilcloth apron, a 10 l basin, a bucket, vaseline, water.
The majority of patients who seek medical advice and are admitted to the in-patient department (surgical or therapeutic) are patients with digestive diseases, such as chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, pancreatitis, colitis, hepatic and biliferous tract diseases, etc. Disturbances of the gastrointestinal tract are among the most common human diseases. About 40% of population of the industrially developed countries suffer from these dis-