Endometriosis is a pathological process characterized by the growth and development of tissue similar in structure and function to the endo-metrium, outside of the area of the normal localization of the uterine mucosa (Adamyan L.V., 2007; Sidorova I.S., Kogan E.A., 2008).
Endometriosis affects about 200 million women worldwide - almost every tenth woman of reproductive age has endometriosis.
Classification. Endometriosis is divided into genital and extragenital.
Genital endometriosis - internal, adenomyosis (endometriosis of uterine body) and external (endometriosis of the cervix, vagina, perineum, retrocer-vical region, ovaries, fallopian tubes, peritoneum, recto-uterine pouch, etc.) (fig. 10.1).
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Fig. 10.1. Endometriosis of the cervix (colposcopic and ultrasound image)
The term "endometriosis" refers to the anatomical substrate of hetero-topic endometrium (in the form of stromal and epithelial components), and its localization in a particular organ contributes to the corresponding name. In case of endometriotic lesions of uterine body - endometriosis of the uterus (adenomyosis), and in case of endometriotic lesions of ovaries -
endometriosis of the ovaries (sites of ovarian endometriosis and endometrioid cysts).
Over the past 50 years, more than 15 different classifications of endo-metriosis have been proposed.
According to ICD 10 (international classification of diseases 10th revision), the following variants of endometriosis are distinguished:
N80.0 Endometriosis of uterus, adenomyosis
N80.1 Endometriosis of ovaries
N80.2 Endometriosis of fallopian tubes
N80.3 Endometriosis of pelvic peritoneum
N80.4 Endometriosis of rectovaginal septum and vagina
N80.5 Endometriosis of intestine
N80.6 Endometriosis in cutaneous scar.