Hygiene is one of the professional disciplines of the university stage of training doctors of all specialties.
The studying of environmental factors and their impact on health indicators at both individual and population levels is the main content of the discipline Hygiene.
According to the WHO (WHO, 2015), the main, widespread risk factors for disease and death include the consequences of poor nutrition (overweight and obesity in general in the world and insufficient children body weigh in low-income countries, nutritional deficiencies in vitamin A, insufficient consumption of fruit and vegetables); poor quality of drinking water; pollution of both atmospheric air and indoor air; low levels of sanitation and hygiene; occupational hazards.
Mastering the skills of hygienic diagnostics, as a system of thinking and actions in the therapeutic and diagnostic process aimed at the establishing links between changes in health status and the action of environmental factors, is the basis for the formation of physician preventive competencies.
The main activity in the study of the discipline is the independent work of students in solving situational, professionally oriented tasks aimed at the finding evidence of causal relationships of health problems and exposure to environmental factors.
This educational and methodological textbook presents algorithms for solving the situational tasks, as well as information blocks for all main sections of the discipline.
In compiling the textbook, the teaching staff long-term experience of the General Hygiene Department of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) in the didactic tools development of the teaching and assessment of student knowledge was concidered.