Emotions (from the Latin emoneo which means "I excite, I shake") refer to a person's subjective responses to affect of various internal and external stimuli. Accompanying almost all manifestations of a body's vital activity, being in the form of direct feelings, emotions reflect the significance of various phenomena and situations and serve as one of the main mechanisms for the internal regulation of mental activity and behaviour aimed at satisfying needs (motivations). Affect also means inquietude and reflects the emotional state of a person in various conditions and situations, characterising the specialities of their feeling.
In psychiatry textbooks, in most cases we can find a rather clear formulation in the general part: Pleasure or displeasure because of affects constitutes the concept which we are talking about. If we want to distinguish the concepts of "feeling", "mood", "emotion", and "affect" so that they become useful practically, we should first establish that only a theoretical, not actual, division of the mental qualities in the question and can take place in for a mental act. E. Bleuler emphasises that in case of every, even the simplest light sensation, we distinguish the qualities (colour, shade), intensity and colour strength. Similarly, we can talk about processes of cognition (intellect ), sense and will although we know that no such mental process that does not have all the three qualities even if one or the other are brought to the forefront. Therefore, when we call some process affective, we know that doing it this way, we abstract something - similar to how we consider colour itself, regardless of its intensity. We should always clearly realise that the process that we call affective also has both intellectual and volitional side, which in this case, we neglect as a minor factor. During incessant strengthening of the intellectual factor and weakening of the affective one, the process that we call "intellectual" finally manifests. Thus, we cannot subdivide all mental processes into purely affective and purely volitional, but only into predominantly affective and predominantly volitional ones, and intermediate processes can take place. Such an analytical approach