Questions to study.
1. Lipids: their definition, classification, representatives and significance.
2. Structure and biological significance of triacylglycerols.
3. Degradation of triacylglycerols in cells and its regulation.
4. Main pathways of fatty acids degradation. β-oxidation of fatty acids.
5. Breakdown of odd carbon fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids.
6. Ketone bodies: their representatives and significance. Synthesis of ke-tone bodies in the liver and its regulation. Catabolism of ketone bodies in extrahepatic tissues.
7. Oxidation of glycerol in tissues and its significance.
8. Synthesis of saturated fatty acids and its regulation.
9. Synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Desaturase of fatty acids. Polyun-saturated fatty acids and their significance.
10. Biosynthesis of triacylglycerols and its regulation.
11. Phospholipids: their classification, representatives, biological significance. Metabolism of phospholipids. Hydrolysis of phospholipids.
12. Sphingolipids: their classification, representatives, significance and metabolism. Lysosomal diseases: Tay-Sachs disease, Gaucher's disease, Niemann-Pick disease, Krabbe's disease.
13. Cholesterols: their structure and biological significance. Biosynthesis of cholesterol. Catabolism of cholesterol.
14. Blood plasma lipoproteins: lipid and protein (apoprotein) composition of lipoprotein particle. Hyperlipoproteinemia.
15. Regulation of lipid metabolism.
16. Abnormality of lipid metabolism. Obesity and atherosclerosis.
TESTS TO ASSESS FORMATION OF THE FOLLOWING COMPETENCIES: GC-1, GPC-1, 7, 9, PС-5, 12
Choose one correct answer
5.1. Transport of active forms of fatty acids into mitochondria is provided by:
A) carnitine;
B) creatine;
C) cysteine;