8.1. Introduction
Exposure to low temperatures also makes a contribution to the structure of all the injuries received both in peace and wartime. The highest numbers of the victims are registered during the cold seasons, though overcooling and frostbites can either take place at a temperature higher than 0 °С. Strong winds and high humidity work towards faster affection. The general condition of the humane organism also adds to the susceptibility to low-temperature impact: defatigation, exhaustion, illnesses, blood loss, drunkenness etc. The frequency of damage gets increased in emergencies including natural disasters or technological catastrophes (explosions, collapses, traffic accidents etc.). Delayed first aid rather often leads to the victim’s death as a result of depression of the organs’ functioning, necrosis of the tissues, gangrene, severe intoxication and consecutive infection.