6. TOPOGRAPHIC ANATOMY AND OPERATIVE SURGERY OF ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR REGIONS OF KNEE, KNEE JOINT AND LEG

Topics of the lesson: Topographic anatomy of anterior et posterior regions of knee, knee joint and leg. Approaches to the main neurovascular bundles of regions. Puncture of knee joint.

6.1. Highlight and name the borders of the anterior et posterior regions of the knee, represented in the Fig. 6.1:

Superior_

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Inferior_

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Lateral_

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Medial_

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Fig. 6.1. Regions of the lower limb

6.2. Using the Fig. 6.2, name the borders of the popliteal fossa and name the elements of the neurovascular bundle.

Borders:

Superolateral_

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Inferomedial_

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Fig. 6.2. Topography of the popliteal fossa Inferolateral_

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Superomedial_

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6.3. Explain the situation happened in this clinical case.

Atherosclerosis led to occlusion of the popliteal artery above the place of origin of the upper articular branches. Explain how the blood supply of leg and foot can be preserved. Use the Fig. 6.3.

Fig. 6.3. Blood supply of the knee joint

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6.4. List the ligaments of the knee joint, using the Fig. 6.4.

Fig. 6.4. Ligaments of the knee joint

6.5. List the recesses of the knee joint.

6.6. Highlight the fascial compartments of leg, represented in the Fig. 6.5, and name the muscles located in them.

Fig. 6.5. Fascial compartments of the leg in the transverse section 6.7. Explain the situation in this clinical case.

The patient came to the surgeon with complaints of impaired sensitivity along the external surface of the lower third part of leg and the dorsal side of the foot. On the border between the middle and lower third parts of the leg external surface there is a rough scar of the former injury. The scar is located horizontally, the length of scar is 5 cm. Can the patient?s complaints be connected with the former wound? What structure could be injured, in what layer is it located? Use the Fig. 6.6.