♠ - trade name of a medicine
AFB - acid-fast bacilli
AIDS - acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
ALT - alanine transaminase enzyme
Anti-TB - anti-tuberculosis
APC - antigen-presenting cells
ART - standard antiretroviral therapy
AST - antimicrobial susceptibility tests
B cell - also known as B-lymphocyte
BCG - bacillus Calmette-Guérin
BS - broncho-obstructive syndrome
CCR5 - C chemokineine receptor type 5
CNLD - chronic nonspecific lung disease
CNS - central nervous system
CD4 - cluster of differentiation 4 CD4+ T-lymphocytes - cells containing the CD4
CD8 - cluster of differentiation 8 CD8+ T-lymphocytes - cells containing the CD8
CXCR4 - hemokine receptor type 4
DR - drug resistance
COPD - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CT - a CT scan, also called X-ray computed tomography
(X-ray CT)
CPSU(b) - The Central Committee of the CP SU(b)
DC - dendritic cells
DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid
DOTS - directly observed treatment, short-course
DS - drug sensitivity
ELISA - enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ESR - erythrocyte sedimentation
FEV1 - forced expiratory volume in 1 sec
FSIN Russia - Federal service of execution of punishments
HIV - the human immunodeficiency virus
IFN-γ - interferon gamma
IL - interleukin
ILN - intrathoracic lymph nodes
INH - isonicotinylhydrazide
IUAT - International Union Against Tuberculosis -?the Union?
LTI - latent TB infection
MBT - mycobacterium tuberculosis
MDR - multidrug-resistance
MDR-TB - multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
MHC - the major histocompatibility complex
MHC-I - the major histocompatibility complex class I
MHC-II - the major histocompatibility complex class II
MP - macrophage
PAS - 4-aminosalicylic acid
PCR - the polymerase Chain Reaction
PPD - a purified protein derivative