8.1. MAIN OBJECTIVES OF HOSPITAL HYGIENE. HYGIENIC REQUIREMENTS FOR ACCOMMODATION, PLANNING AND SANITARY-TECHNICAL IMPROVEMENT
OF HOSPITALS
Hospital hygiene develops standards and requirements for the placement, planning and sanitary-technical support of medical facilities with the aim of creating optimal conditions for patients' staying, effective treatment process and favorable working conditions for medical personnel.
A modern hospital is a complex set of buildings providing a wide variety of functions. In recent years, there has been a clear trend towards a complication of the structure and function of hospitals.
The hospital not only provides inpatient medical care to the population, but also carries out specialized advisory activities, as well as carries out preventive measures. Large hospitals (regional, provincial, republican) also carry out organizational and methodological work.
Hence, along with highly qualified and specialized medical activities, the hospital carries out measures to prevent relapse of diseases, organizes preventive monitoring of patients taking into account long-term results of treatment, carries out great work on the examination of disability, rehabilitation treatment, and the return of patients to socially useful work.
There are various health care facilities (HCFs) that solve certain tasks and perform strictly defined functions. These include:
• hospitals of various capacities;
•dispensaries (anti-tuberculosis, dermatovenerological, oncological, neuropsychiatric, etc.);
• outpatient organizations (for example, city, district, dental clinics, medical units, medical health centers at enterprises);
• organizations for the protection of motherhood and childhood (maternity hospitals, childcare facilities, nurseries, orphanages);