In the Russian Federation, a model of cardiac rehabilitation has been developed, which is basic for the rehabilitation of patients with other types of diseases. It includes adequate pharmacological therapy, physical methods and exercises (physical rehabilitation), remedial nutrition, psychological rehabilitation, and training technologies (cardio-schools). According to the Procedure for healthcare delivery to patients with coronary vascular diseases as approved by order of the RF Ministry of Health, dated 15.11.2012, № 918, medical rehabilitation of patients is carried out at specialized medical and san-atorium-and-health-resorts where patients are sent and who formerly got specialized, including hi-tech, medical care.
4.1. CARDIAC REHABILITATION
Cardiac rehabilitation is a multidisciplinary intervention improving the physical and mental health of the patient. Currently, cardiac rehabilitation is recommended by the European Society of Cardiology, American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, as well as societies of the Russian Federation (Society of cardiology of the Russian Federation, Society of experts in cardiac failure) for the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease, after an acute coronary event, and the patients suffering from CHF (level of evidence I). Short-term and long-term objectives of cardiorehabilitation have been separated (G.P. Arutyunov):
• short-term:
- stabilization of cardiovascular diseases and ensuring control over its symptoms;
- restoration of the optimum physical and psychological state necessary for the patient's return to a life habit usual for the patient;
- reduction of risk of disease recurrences;
- to improve the living standards;