Teeth measurements are necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment planning. Tooth size, especially mesiodistal size, determines the shape and size of the upper and lower dentition. Deviations of these parameters from normal, in turn, lead to an occlusion disorder of the dentitions.
At the first visit, the impression mass is used to take impressions of the jaws up to the transitory fold so that the alveolar processes, the apical bases, and the palatal vault, the hyoid region, the frenulum, and lips can be clearly seen. Models are cast in plaster or super plaster. The base of the models can be shaped with special devices, rubber molds, or trimmed, so that the corners of the base correspond to the canine line and the bases are parallel to the chewing surfaces of the teeth. The models are marked with the patient's last name, first name, age, and date of taking impressions. Such models are called test or diagnostic models.
Traditional measuring tools, a special caliper, as well as various devices such as an orthocross, symmetroscope, and ortho-meter are used to measure the size of teeth.
The models are examined in three mutually perpendicular planes: sagittal, frontal, transversal, and corresponding directions (Fig. 1.1).
Tooth Measurements
The width, height, and thickness of the tooth crown are measured (Fig. 1.2-1.4). The width is measured in the widest
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Fig. 1.1. Planes for examining dental models
part of the tooth - in all teeth at the level of the contour height, in the lower incisors - at the level of the incisal edge.
For the anterior teeth, it is the mediolateral size of the tooth, and for the lateral group, it is the mesiodistal size. However, in modern scientific literature, both domestic and foreign, teeth crown width is referred to as its mesiodistal size.