Goal: to get a notion about the basic symptoms of intestinal diseases and methods of the first pre-medical aid. Knowledge objective:
► to know anatomical and physiological peculiarities of intestine structure, pathogenesis of occurring of the basic symptoms and peculiarities of general care for the patients with intestinal diseases.
Skill objectives:
► to be able to perform a current disinfection on admission of patients with contagious intestinal diseases, to insert a flatus tube and to give an enema (cleansing, siphon, etc.), to give first aid in case of intestinal bleeding, to prepare a patient for roentgenological investigation, as well as to get a skill of collecting the stool for analysis.
Equipment required: a flatus tube, an ice-bladder, a bedpan, Esmarch?s ir-rigator, a thick gastric tube, glass funnel, a rubber colonic bulb, an oilcloth, a basin. Place: a study room, a ward and a sanitary room (an enema room).
Subject-matter:
1) anatomical and physiological peculiarities of intestine;
2) the basic symptoms and the first aid in case of intestinal diseases; rules of performing of current disinfection on admission of patients with contagious intestinal diseases;
3) the basic characteristics of excrements, collecting of stool for analysis;
4) rules of giving cleansing, siphon, oil, saline and medicinal enemas.
EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL
The area of the small intestine?s absorption surface is about 2×108 cm2 and about 240 g of enterocyte mass takes an active part in regeneration processes. Such injuring factors, like poor diet, intoxication, circulation disorders (including system of microcirculation), ecological influences (radiation), etc. play
a great role in digestion processes disorders. All this makes ground to the development of pathological processes (active inflammation, immune processes, etc.). Therefore, it is a matter of great importance to know the basic symptoms, peculiarities of care for patients and methods of the first pre-medical aid in case of occurring of intestinal diseases. It is also necessary to remember that diseases of small intestine and large intestine develop much more frequently, then have clinical manifestations.