According to the current anatomical classification, male sex organs include scrotum with testicles and epididymides, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, urethra, bulbourethral gland and penis.
Female sex organs include ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina and vulva.
13.1. DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY IN ANDROLOGY
The main techniques of diagnostic radiology in andrology are ultrasound and MRI. They do provide not only a clear visualization of anatomical features but also reflect some features of the structure of the sex organs. There is no ionizing radiation produced by these techniques. When studying the sex organs, the special radiological techniques, CT and radionuclide method of the examination are also used to solve particular tasks.
13.1.1. Radiological method
X-ray examination of sex organs is carried out due to the special indications with the implementation of special techniques.
Urethrography - in an X-ray examination of the urethra after it is filled with RCA. Due to the nature of the methodology of the study, more detailed information is presented in Chapter 12.
Cavernosography is an X-ray study of the cavernous bodies of the penis when injecting the RCA in them. The technique allows obtaining information about the blood supply of the cavernous bodies and is often performed in order to determine the venous discharge of blood in erectile dysfunction (Fig. 13.1).
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Fig. 13.1. Cavernosography. Norm
X-ray (intravenous) angiography gives an idea about the structure of the arterial and venous bed of sex organs. The study typically represents the diagnostic phase of endo-vascular interventions in the dilation of the arteries of the penis, embolization of the arteries or veins in the priapism, recurrent varicocele.