Additional illustrations

Fig. 2.1. Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum (microscopy Ziehl-Nielsen staining). In the field of view can be seen sticks, painted in red, usually located at an angle to each other, in groups or isolated on a blue background (a). Young colony of virulent M. tuberculosis showing parallel growth with formation of plait-like congestions (cord-factor) (b). The mycobacteria appear as bright yellow rods against an inky black background in the UV system (microscopy of auramine-stain mycobacteria) (c)

Fig. 2.3. The mycobacterium has a double-stranded DNA. Chromosomal locations of seven gene loci. The locations are drawn on the physical map of strain Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. The sequence and annotation of the MBT genome have been published in the international databases. The sequence of МВТ is 4,411,532 bp long

Fig. 2.6. Macrophage phagocytosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (the scheme), https://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/nurse-150-study-guide-2012-13-rollins-smith/deck/9714053

Fig. 2.7. Histogenesis of tubercule/granuloma formation. http://casesexplainedwithvisualization.blogspot.ru

Fig. 2.8. Histogram. Typical architecture of a TB granuloma with central necrosis (a). Schematic of the cellular constituents of a TB granuloma (b). http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00098/full

Fig. 2.9. The large multinucleated giant cell (Pirogov-Langhans cells, with MBT inside)

Fig. 2.10. The progression of tuberculosis inflammation (gistotopogramma). White arrow - multiple tubercles/granulomas. Green arrow - typical cavitating granuloma

Fig. 2.11. Fresh tuberculous cavity in the lung: a - the internal capsule; b - outer fibrous capsule

Fig. 2.12. Granulomas protrude into the lumen of pulmonary: a - artery; b - veins